A Possible Scenario for Environmental Remediation in Coastal Waters by Use of Phytoplankton and Waste Materials

environmental remediationphytoplanktonseafood productionsewagesteelmaking sla

Effects of magnesium oxide-added polyethylene-coated steel wire on the growth of attached marine diatom Nitzschia sp.

カキ養殖筏には多くの生物が付着し，中でもろ過摂食者は餌の摂取という点でカキと競合関係にあるため，カキの成長を阻害する要因の1つである。そこで，この研究では，カキ養殖に使われる針金について，生物付着の少ない素材を開発することを目的とし，従来の亜鉛メッキ鋼線に加え，アイオノマー・レジン（ポリエチレン）被覆鋼線，酸化マグネシウム（HUSR）混合ポリエチレン被膜鋼線（HUS混合率3％および5％）を用い，沿岸域に一般的な付着珪藻種Nitzschia sp.の増殖に対する影響を実験的に測定した。その結果，（1）ポリエチレン自体はNitzschia sp.の増殖を阻害しないが，亜鉛メッキ鋼線およびHUS混合ポリエチレン被覆鋼線はNitzschia sp.の増殖を阻害する，また（2）HUSR混合ポリエチレン被膜鋼線では，HUS混合率が高いほどNitzschia sp.の増殖阻害程度は強い，ということが明らかとなった。Many organisms attached on suspended oyster culture rafts, particularly filter-feeding animals can prevent growth of culturing oyster, because they are competing feeds with oyster in the same niche. In the present study, effects of steel wires coated with various materials on growth of the ubiquitous attached diatom Nitzschia sp. were experimentally examined to develop a better steel wire in terms of less attached organisms. The wire used were a normal zinc-galvanized steel wire, a polyethylene (ionomer resin)-coated steel wire, and magnesium oxide (HUS®)-added (3% and 5%) polyethylene coated steel wires. Following results were obtained, (1) all wires coated with different materials except the ionomer resin itself (as coating material) suppressed the growth of Nitzschia sp., and (2) 5% HUS®-added polyethylene-coated steel wire suppressed the growth of Nitzschia sp. greater than 3% added one did.この研究は，トワロン株式会社による寄付金「HUSによる藻の発生変化の研究」により行われたものである

Perfect kagome-lattice antiferromagnets with Jeff_{eff} = 1/2: The Co2+^{2+}-analogs of copper minerals volborthite and vesignieite

We report the synthesis, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of Co$^{2+}$ kagome magnets Co$_3$V$_2$O$_7$(OH)$_2$$\cdot$2H$_2$O and BaCo$_3$(VO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_2$, which can be recognized as Co-analogues of the intensively researched quantum kagome magnet volborthite Cu$_3$V$_2$O$_7$(OH)$_2$$\cdot$2H$_2$O and vesignieite BaCu$_3$(VO$_4$)$_2$(OH)$_2$. For each compound, the ground state is seemingly A-type antiferromagnetic order. At low temperatures, applying a magnetic field causes a metamagnetic-like transition described by the transition in which antiferromagnetically-aligned canted moments change to ferromagnetically-aligned ones. These ground and field-induced states include a canted ferromagnetic component perpendicular to the kagome planes favored by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. These magnetic properties are well characterized by the J$_{eff}$ = 1/2 physics. Our findings will be the first step toward clarifying the J$_{eff}$ = 1/2 kagome physics, which has been little studied experimentally or theoretically.Comment: 9 pages, 7+1 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review

<ORIGINAL>Combined Effects of Erbium : YAG laser and Fluoride Application on Acid Resistance of Tooth dentin in vitro

This study examined the inhibition of dentin demineralization in initial caries with Er : YAG laser irradiation only and laser irradiation combined with fluoride application. Dentin blocks were prepared from the roots of bovine incisors and pretreated with one of the following five procedures : A) untreated, B) Er : YAG laser irradiation for 5min at 50mJ/pulse, C) APF gel application for 5min, D) Er : YAG laser followed by APF application for 5min,and E) APF treatment for 5min followed by Er : YAG laser irradiation. Subsequently the samples were demineralized in a 0.1M lactic acid gel (pH5.0) containing 6wt% CMC at 37℃ for 2 weeks. The mineral distributions in the dentin surfaces were assessed quantitatively by transversal microradiography (TMR) and videodensitometry. The mineral parameter values were not significantly different for samples with and without laser treatment at p=0.05, as tested by paired t-tests. The present results suggest that the progress of demineralization in dentin lesions is not effectively inhibited by the single treatment with laser irradiation. Combined Er : YAG laser and APF treated samples had the highest acid resistance with significantly lower lesion depth (ld) and mineral loss (ΔZ) values lower even than the APF treated samples

Adenine-and-Uridine-rich element RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF1) as an additional marker in human gliomas

AUF1 is one of Adenine-and-Uridine-rich elements binding protein which regulates the mRNA stability of many genes related to growth regulation, cytokines, and cell cycle-regulatory genes. There was no report about the expression of AUF1 in gliomas. Sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 71 gliomas were stained immunohistochemically using a polyclonal antibody against the adenine-and-uridine-rich element RNA-Binding factor 1 (AUF1) oncoprotein. Positive staining, which is known to correlate with gene amplification, was not associated with patients\u27 sex, age, Karnofsky performance status scores (KPS), tumor size, Bcl-2 expression, or longer overall survival. However, positive staining was negatively correlated with the MIB-1 labeling index, while it was positively correlated with the lower grade group of WHO classification. Expression of the AUF1 oncoprotein appears to be an important additional indicator in human gliomas

ヒセンケイ キョウメイ ゲンショウ オ リヨウ シタ チョウ イオン ドウデンタイ ノ ブツセイ ソクテイ

Lithium transition metal oxides are attractive as the positive electrode of secondary battery. In this study, the phonon-echo measurements have been performed to study Li+ ionic motion in piezoelectric LiNbO3 powder. The phonon-echo is generated by propagating waves coupling through the anharmonicity of lattice vibrations. The decay time of the echo, T2 is connected with the internal friction within each particle, which is functional as an acoustic oscillator. The decrease in T2 observed above 800 K in the polycrystalline powder is explained in terms of a Debye-type relaxation model based on Li+ ionic motion. The activation energy is estimated as about 0.93 eV, which is in good agreement with those reported from NMR and ionic conductivity measurements. The present study indicates that the phonon-echo measurement is useful to elucidate the ionic motion in ionic conductors